Moo Research in English
Machine translations of articles first published in Korean. The Korean original is linked from every page.
Misto Holdings Corporation financial statements, 6 years: ROE ranged between 18.2% and 6.0%
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that Misto Holdings Corporation filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
GPU Price Collapse Threatens Return on Capital for AI Infrastructure Companies
Analysis of how chip supply oversupply from competitive procurement between NVIDIA, AMD, and cloud majors simultaneously pressures semiconductor margins and data center investment profitability.
Profit Divergence in Low-Growth Markets: How Demographics Reshape Global Consumer Companies
Analyzes how demographic decline in developed countries creates structural divergence in consumer purchasing power and competitive trajectories, using current financial data.
Seoyon E-Hwa Co., Ltd. financial statements, 6 years: Back to a profit in 2021 after a net loss of KRW 40.8bn in 2020
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that Seoyon E-Hwa Co., Ltd. filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
Stock Beginner Chaos
A thirty-five-year-old salaryman buys his first stock after hearing a colleague's success, then gets lost in conflicting YouTube investment advice and learns what truly matters.
Rising Protectionism and the Acceleration of Global Supply Chain Localization
How tariff policies and strengthening regional regulations are reshaping multinational enterprises' optimization strategies and production cost structures.
Storage Panic: The Last File in the Cloud
The paradox of the cloud era: chaos unfolds as unlimited storage runs out
Corporate Debt Maturity and the Structural Shock of High-Rate Refinancing Costs
Examining how the mass maturity of bonds issued during the low-rate era and the burden of high-rate refinancing affect corporate cash flows and share prices.
Cheil Worldwide Inc financial statements, 6 years: Revenue went from KRW 2.75tn to KRW 4.55tn and became 1.65x
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that Cheil Worldwide Inc filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
Data Center Power Trading Structural Shift: Overheated Long-Term Power Purchase Agreement (PPA) Market and Rising Electricity Costs Pressure IT Companies' Profitability
Data Center Power Trading Structural Shift: Overheated Long-Term Power Purchase Agreement (PPA) Market and Rising Electricity Costs Pressure IT Companies' Profitability
The Blockchain Ghost
A detective's 72-hour global hunt to track down the missing CEO of a cryptocurrency exchange
Meeting Before the Golden Building
On the last day before auction, a poor architect and a wealthy investor happen to meet in front of an abandoned building
Suspicious Insurance Claim
A suspected insurance fraudster spends 72 hours trying to convince an investigator of the truth
Semiconductor Investment Overheating and the Vicious Cycle of Supply Glut
Analyzing structural risks as fab-less and foundry capital investment surges since 2023 intensify market supply-demand imbalances.
EDA Licensing Model Shift: Cloud-Based Design Transforms Cost Structure for Vendors and Users
Electronic Design Automation companies transition from perpetual licenses to cloud-based subscriptions, reshaping the economics of semiconductor design for both vendors and chip designers.
The Three-Minute Lag in Video Interpretation: Korean Night, Bangladesh Morning
The three-minute lag in video interpretation: Korean night, Bangladesh morning
Airline Fuel Hedging and Revenue-Per-Seat Margin Gap
Comparing fuel hedging ratios and revenue-per-available-seat-mile (RASM) differences among major airlines to explain why profit margins diverge even under identical crude oil prices.
We Saved 90% on Development Costs with Open Source (We Accumulated 300% in Technical Debt)
The true cost of open source
Samsung Biologics Co., Ltd. financial statements, 6 years: Operating income rose 84% in one year and grew to 2x in another
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that Samsung Biologics Co., Ltd. filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
The Logistics REIT Rent Peak Debate and PLD Dividend Coverage
Comparing rent growth slowdown against vacancy recovery pace to determine where growth assumptions broke down and what dividend coverage levels look like.
The Day the Inspection Robot Misread a Defect
An inspection robot checking semiconductor equipment parts begins flagging good units as defective. The factory workers try every trick to override the machine's stubborn judgment, but each attempt yields the wrong result.
Card Network Fee Structure and Margin Durability for Visa and Mastercard
Breaking down whether payment networks' revenue relies more on transaction volume or fee rates, then checking the conditions under which margins survive fee pressure.
Amorepacific Holdings Corp. financial statements, 6 years: Revenue went from KRW 4.93tn to KRW 4.62tn and fell 6.2%
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that Amorepacific Holdings Corp. filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
Obesity Drug Production Capacity Competition and the Benefit Structure for Contract Manufacturers
Comparing formulation-specific capex plans against CDMO contract backlogs to analyze what share of production gains flows to Lilly and Thermo Fisher as CDMO income.
The Letter of the Final Batch
On the day the final production batch ends at a long-running pharmaceutical ingredient plant, a process supervisor near retirement and a junior colleague about to move on have a conversation they haven't had yet.
Aircraft Engine Maintenance Backlog and Aftermarket Revenue Shift
Tracks the impact of engine maintenance wait periods and parts supply delays on GE and RTX's service revenue with numerical data.
ESG Certificates Were Sold, But the Factory Stayed the Same
When a large corporation's fraudulent ESG documents—marketed as environmentally friendly—are exposed, investor trust and stock price collapse simultaneously.
Kumho Tire Co., Inc. financial statements, 6 years: Back to a profit in 2023 after a net loss of KRW 77.5bn in 2022
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that Kumho Tire Co., Inc. filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
Nitrogen Fertilizer Price Reset and Agro-Chemical Margin Restructuring
Analyzing the spread between natural gas costs and grain prices to map quarterly margin sensitivity for NTR and MOS.
Protein Factory in Rainy Season
A quality inspector and equipment engineer at an alternative protein ingredient plant grow closer as they handle a power outage during monsoon season. In the gap between production line rhythm and human rhythm, hearts stir.
Large Transformer Lead Time Surge and Power Grid Infrastructure Bottleneck
Examining transformer order backlog and delivery timelines to assess equipment sales visibility for GEV and HUBB and their capital investment payback periods.
Kolon Industries, Inc. financial statements, 6 years: Revenue rose 2 years in a row while operating income fell 4 years in a row
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that Kolon Industries, Inc. filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
Container Freight Normalization and the Earnings Inflection Point for Shipping Lines
Compares freight indices with fleet growth rates to divide ZIM and MATX's 2027 profit paths into base and downside scenarios.
One Line in the Refinery Ledger
In a rare alloy refinery's production ledger, one line of numbers doesn't match. A young analyst on the quality team follows the discrepancy and discovers the entire supply chain rests on misaligned records.
Natural Disaster Loss Ratio Rise and Property-Casualty Insurers' Reinsurance Pricing Dilemma
Comparing annual disaster loss trends with reinsurance renewal pricing to analyze U.S. property-casualty insurers' premium-raising capacity and profit pressure.
An Unregulated Square Suddenly Becomes a Police Station
As countries worldwide regulate cryptocurrency, traders once pursuing unfettered gains face sudden legal exposure.
Youngone Holdings Co., Ltd. financial statements, 6 years: ROE ranged between 22.5% and 9.0%
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that Youngone Holdings Co., Ltd. filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
Why Game Publisher Performance Concentrates in Few New Releases: Take-Two's Hit Variance Analysis
We examine the concentration of major titles and recurring revenue proportion to gauge the impact of new game launch failures on company performance.
Night Shift at the Harbor Crane
One night of collision between an aging crane operator and a new control team around a port automation contract. Chasing a missing container, two people find the signals they each missed.
Seoyon Co., Ltd. financial statements, 6 years: Back to a profit in 2021 after a net loss of KRW 25.5bn in 2020
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that Seoyon Co., Ltd. filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
Cruise Demand Recovery—Proven by Margin? Carnival vs. Royal Caribbean
We compare revenue per passenger, fleet capacity utilization, and fuel cost structure to verify whether demand recovery translates into profitability.
Labelers: Teaching the Machine
Young workers at a Philippine BPO center label images for AI models. Until the moment the machines they're training replace them.
When Will the HBM Memory Bottleneck Clear? Micron vs. SK Hynix Capacity Race
We compare HBM production capacity expansion plans against AI accelerator demand forecasts to assess supply balance timing and price risk.
We Ended Remote Work and Called Everyone Back
When a company that allowed remote work for years suddenly mandates office return, top talent flees to competitors.
Korea Disclosure Financial Panel Dataset Released
We normalize 2,866 company fiscal year records from OpenDART periodic reports into JSON and CSV. Contains only facts, no opinions or forecasts.
Coway Co., Ltd. financial statements, 6 years: ROE ranged between 27.2% and 17.1%
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that Coway Co., Ltd. filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
The Fifth-Floor Office Illusion
A Manhattan building manager reads the reality of the economy from empty floors and abandoned employee badges. The story statistics don't tell.
The Voice of Semiconductor Sand
Migrant workers in a silica mine in Chile's desert witness the paradox of a global chip shortage raising their wages.
Luxury Hotel Renovation Supercycle: Post-Pandemic Profitability Recovery Triggers Capex Explosion
As pandemic suppression eases, hotel chains undertake modernization investments exceeding $500,000 per room, forming a 3-year profit cycle for construction equipment, building materials, and luxury furniture sectors.
Major Expansion in Insurance M&A: Legacy Carriers Rapidly Modernizing Through Digital Fintech Acquisitions
Major property & casualty and life insurers are acquiring insuretech startups and specialized digital insurers, entering a redefinition phase aimed at offsetting underwriting margin pressures through technology investment.
Indonesia's Nickel Refining Monopoly and Regional Concentration Risk in EV Battery Supply Chains
Indonesia controls over 60% of global nickel refining capacity, prompting battery manufacturers to accelerate investments in alternative supply sources—Australia and the Philippines—a shift that will redefine battery pack costs and supply chain diversification.
Biotech IPO Revival: Venture Capital's Bold Return and the Exit Path for Early Investors
The recovery of biotech IPO volumes in 2024 signals that a wave of unicorn companies suppressed during 2022-2024 is about to go public, marking a revival of capital inflow into gene editing and advanced manufacturing markets.
Ransomware Threat Escalation Reshapes Enterprise Cybersecurity Budgets: A Turning Point in IT Spending
As enterprise cybersecurity budgets rise 25% year-over-year, adoption gaps between legacy hardware-based security and cloud-native solutions widen. This analysis examines the economic drivers reshaping security investment.
LS Electric Co., Ltd. financial statements, 6 years: Revenue grew at an average 15.63% a year
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that LS Electric Co., Ltd. filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
Edge Computing Data Center Expansion: How Capex Shift from Hyperscale to Regional Nodes Transforms Telecom and Real Estate Economics
Low-latency AI inference demand is spurring construction of small edge data centers in major cities, securing multi-year contracts for regional data center real estate and local network infrastructure operators.
The Abandoned Pharma Factory at Night
A chemist father and his daughter's AI career converge amid restructuring at an Indian pharmaceutical hub. Three generations of technology in collision.
EV Thermal Management Material Shortage: How Thermal Interface Material Supply Bottlenecks Reshape Battery Pack Assembly Competitiveness
As battery thermal control efficiency determines range and safety, high-performance thermal conductivity material supply becomes a new margin source and material makers expand their technology premium.
Returning to Domestic Production Only to Face Higher Wages
Companies that returned to domestic manufacturing to escape global supply chain disruptions now face eroding profitability from higher labor costs.
Poongsan Corporation financial statements, 6 years: Revenue went from KRW 2.59tn to KRW 5.05tn and became 1.95x
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that Poongsan Corporation filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
CJ Enm Co., Ltd. financial statements, 6 years: Operating income of KRW 104.5bn but a net loss of KRW 580.8bn in 2024
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that CJ Enm Co., Ltd. filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
SL Corporation financial statements, 6 years: Operating income rose 79% in one year and grew to 2x in another
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that SL Corporation filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
Samchully Co., Ltd. financial statements, 6 years: Revenue went from KRW 3.21tn to KRW 5.28tn and became 1.64x
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that Samchully Co., Ltd. filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
DL Holdings Co., Ltd. financial statements, 6 years: Operating income of KRW 150.7bn but a net loss of KRW 121.0bn in 2023
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that DL Holdings Co., Ltd. filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
Pan Ocean Co., Ltd. financial statements, 6 years: Revenue grew at an average 16.82% a year
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that Pan Ocean Co., Ltd. filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
Daesang Holdings Co., Ltd. financial statements, 6 years: Operating income of KRW 199.8bn but a net loss of KRW 293.2bn in 2025
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that Daesang Holdings Co., Ltd. filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
Cold Chain Logistics Automation: How Surging Freezer Robot Investment Becomes a New Revenue Stream for Industrial Robotics Firms
Rising temperature-management costs in food, pharmaceutical, and fresh food logistics drive development of specialized robots for freezer environments, opening a high-margin niche market for robotics firms.
Airport Porters: Hands in the Age of Automation
How cargo workers at an international airport terminal navigate new roles as automation arrives. A story of finding purpose between efficiency and survival.
Kolon Corporation financial statements, 6 years: Operating income of KRW 60.5bn but a net loss of KRW 296.6bn in 2025
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that Kolon Corporation filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
Industrial Water Scarcity and Chemical Manufacturing Costs: Structural Shift to Asset-Light Models
As chemical plants in water-scarce regions invest in water recycling technologies and desalination, value reassessment of water treatment companies and membrane technology firms is beginning.
Quantum Computing Chip Supply Chain and Post-Quantum Cryptography Transition: Signals from New Silicon Material Investments
As quantum processor manufacturing equipment and ultra-low temperature cooling technology create a new capex cycle, revenue opportunities emerge for semiconductor equipment companies and cooling solution firms.
Franchise Automation Spreads: Restaurant Industry's Robot and AI Investment Against Wage Hikes
As labor costs of burger chains and pizza franchises threaten profitability ceilings, automation technology suppliers' revenues and valuations surge rapidly.
Restoring Profitability in Discount Retail: Premium Growth Slowdown and Softening Online Competition Revive Margins
As luxury brands stall and upscale department stores lose ground, easing e-commerce price competition reduces customer defections from dollar stores and off-price retailers.
Intensifying Competition in the AI Chip Market
AMD and Intel challenge Nvidia's dominance amid new cost-optimization trends
Grandma's Instant Noodle YouTube
An unpopular instant noodle recipe channel gains a fanbase through a single comment and gets caught in a money-making frenzy
The Newsstand's Last Customer
A forty-year owner of a newsstand finds the courage to hand a letter to his regular customer, held unsent for decades
Beauty Beneath Lies
An advertising director and an actress clash between the love on screen and their real-life worlds
Water Scarcity and Supply Constraints Redefine Site Selection for Semiconductor and Steel Mills: Soaring Water Rights Costs Threaten Manufacturing Investment Economics
As diminishing freshwater supplies simultaneously raise energy costs (cooling) and regulatory risks for water-intensive industries, a factory relocation boom is beginning.
Training Data Is Abundant, Only the Electricity Bill Keeps Rising
Large-scale language model training costs spiral astronomically, forcing one new AI startup after another to face funding crises.
Hyosung Heavy Industries Corporation financial statements, 6 years: Back to a profit in 2021 after a net loss of KRW 19.3bn in 2020
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that Hyosung Heavy Industries Corporation filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
How India's Growing IT Outsourcing Undermines Premium Office Real Estate in Advanced Markets
Remote technical support outsourcing forces global financial firms to reassess headcount and office space needs, accelerating downward pressure on premium office rental rates in New York, London, and Tokyo.
The Abandoned Mine's Rebirth
Young locals transform a dusty mining pit into an art gallery, sparking competition and intrigue
Healthcare Labor Shortage and Accelerating Healthcare IT Automation: Hospital Margin Pressure Drives EHR and Scheduling Software Adoption
Nursing and physician vacancies, coupled with rising wages, are squeezing healthcare provider operating margins while expanding opportunities for automation software vendors.
LG H&H Co., Ltd. financial statements, 6 years: Operating income of KRW 170.7bn but a net loss of KRW 85.8bn in 2025
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that LG H&H Co., Ltd. filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
Reassessing Data Center Investment in the AI Infrastructure Race
Big Tech's massive data center expansion since ChatGPT may face revenue challenges, as investments risk misaligning with future profit models
The Secret of Midnight Delivery
A mysterious unmarked box discovered by an early-morning delivery driver changes his life
R&D Cost Explosion in AI Chip Design and Fabless Profitability Decline
As advanced semiconductor development costs exceed USD 100 billion, smaller fabless companies face higher barriers to entry and market consolidation intensifies.
Ruined for ESG
Ruined for ESG
KCC Corporation financial statements, 6 years: Back to a profit in 2022 after a net loss of KRW 53.2bn in 2021
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that KCC Corporation filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
Solar Industry Price Competition and Structural Change
Western solar companies' survival strategies amid China's low-cost competition
The Refrigerator Cipher
A tale of fierce competition and survival when a global food giant acquires a small distribution network for supply chain consolidation.
Lithium Mining Competition and Battery Supply Chain Stability
Lithium supply imbalance amid EV growth and competition in alternative material development
KT&G Corporation financial statements, 6 years: Revenue went from KRW 5.06tn to KRW 6.58tn and became 1.30x
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that KT&G Corporation filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
Analysis of TSMC's Sustained Foundry Dominance
TSMC's competitive strengths and limitations reinforced by cutting-edge process technology monopoly
Food Delivery Platforms Facing Regulatory Tightening: Commission Caps and Minimum Wages for Riders Reshape Profitability
Regulatory restrictions on delivery commissions and rider wage legislation in Europe and the United States are fundamentally reshaping the earnings structure of delivery platforms.
US IRA Climate Investment Reality: Green Manufacturing Profitability Decline and Policy Efficiency Reassessment
Green manufacturing businesses launched with government incentives are recording lower-than-expected profitability, prompting a reassessment of capital allocation efficiency.
The Drone Sat at the Table
A startup selling expensive agricultural drones encounters an unfortunate technical support incident amid generational conflict with traditional farmers.
AI Generative Model Training Competition Intensifies Advanced Semiconductor Shortage
NVIDIA GPUs and advanced foundry capacity fall 30% short of 2026 AI infrastructure investment expectations, forcing cloud companies to reorganize capital expansion priorities.
1 Million Followers, Zero Sales
1 Million Followers, Zero Sales
HDC Holdings Co., Ltd. financial statements, 6 years: Operating income rose 97% in one year and grew to 2x in another
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that HDC Holdings Co., Ltd. filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
Southeast Asian Wage Inflation: Eroding Cost Competitiveness as a Global Supply Chain Alternative
Rapid wage increases in Vietnam and the Philippines are weakening the economic advantage of these regions as low-cost alternatives to China and forcing global companies to rethink supply chain optimization.
The Heartbeat Bug
An innovative medical device company faces an ethical dilemma as it attempts to conceal a flaw in its AI diagnostic algorithm, escalating tensions between patient and developer.
First-Party Data Wars: How Privacy Regulation Erodes Small Publishers' Ad Revenue
Analyzes how Apple and Google's cookie deprecation and EU DMA enforcement strip independent media and small ad networks of targeting capabilities, eroding profitability, and explores the economics of platform concentration.
SK Networks Co., Ltd. financial statements, 6 years: Revenue shrank at an average 8.69% a year
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that SK Networks Co., Ltd. filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
India's IT Services Bench Cost and Growth Deceleration Hit Margin
Deceleration in offshore IT services growth increases idle labor (bench) costs and fundamentally pressures operating margin—a shift in industry structure.
Five Stars of Lies: E-Commerce Trust War
War between a team detecting AI-generated fake reviews and forces hiding their tracks. The inside story of a market where trust is decomposing.
Europe's Energy Normalization and Chemicals-Steel Firms' Regional Reinvestment Return
Normalized electricity rates post-gas crisis restore local production investment economics for Europe's energy-intensive sectors—chemicals and steel.
ESG Fund Underperformance and Asset Flight Compress Fee Base for Asset Managers
A chaining mechanism where prolonged ESG fund underperformance and rising redemptions shrink asset managers' fee base (AUM) and induce competitive pricing.
Saudi Vision 2030 Megaprojects Ramp Up, Korean Builders Win Multi-Year Revenue
NEOM, Riyadh urban development, and other massive Middle East infrastructure projects drive Korean construction firms' long-term contracts and international revenue expansion.
Protectionism and Border Tax Revival: Global Logistics Firms' Margins Face 50% Compression by 2027
Tariff hikes, residence-based taxation, and localization mandates substantially raise cross-border transport costs, putting logistics-distribution firms at risk of margin collapse.
The Impossible Promise of $1 Shipping
The Impossible Promise of $1 Shipping
Kumho Petro Chemical Co., Ltd. financial statements, 6 years: Revenue became 1.44x and operating income 0.37x
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that Kumho Petro Chemical Co., Ltd. filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
AI Training Capacity Explodes: Data Center Power-Cooling Infrastructure Capex Exceeds 60% of Total
Generative AI competition accelerates while data center power demand surges exponentially, restructuring energy, semiconductor, and cooling firms' capital returns.
Asiana Airlines Inc. financial statements, 6 years: Operating income of KRW 93.2bn but a net loss of KRW 516.8bn in 2021
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that Asiana Airlines Inc. filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
Pet Care Premiumization: Aging Society Pet Spending and Pet Insurance Revenue
As advanced economies spend more on pet care, veterinary, pet-tech, and pet insurance market growth rates outpace general insurance, with new players chasing new revenue streams.
Autonomous Trucking Commercialization Imminent: Transport Job Displacement and Logistics Cost Revolution Economics
As Waymo and Tesla Level 4/5 trucks enter commercialization, quantitatively analyzing how logistics industry cost structure collapses and impacts small carriers and driver employment.
Cloud Pricing Competition Paradox: Enterprise On-Premise Data Center Reinvestment Accelerates
Cloud trio price wars and semiconductor scarcity rekindle enterprise data center construction; tracking how server manufacturers and cooling solution vendors' orders shift.
De-dollarization Trend and Tectonic Shift in International Settlement: Currency Risk for Dollar-Denominated Firms
Analyzes how BRICS currencies' expanded settlement and yuan internationalization reshape foreign exchange risk for dollar-dependent financial institutions and multinational corporates.
Generative AI-Powered Ad Auto-Generation Drives 20% Ad Price Decline
Google and Meta's generative AI ad writing tools lower advertiser production costs, triggering inventory oversupply and CPC (cost-per-click) declines of 18–22% year-over-year.
Chill Factor: Data Center Cooling at the Edge
Power consumption surges at massive data centers driven by AI demand. Operating teams face split-second decisions as cooling system limits approach fire and service outages.
The Subscription Spiral: Trapped in the Streaming Flood
A satirical look at a customer paying for ten subscriptions they barely use while platforms engineer perpetual inertia through friction-filled cancellation.
Light Economics: The Vertical Farm's Last Season
Caught between soaring electricity costs and collapsing vegetable prices, a vertical farm CEO faces final funding: success or bankruptcy, with no middle ground in between.
The Morning the Robots Came: A Warehouse Worker's Choice
As automation robots arrive at a logistics center, conflict and adaptation unfold between middle management and veteran workers facing obsolescence and survival.
Rising Wages Erode Restaurant Operating Margins by 12% Over Three Years
As OECD wages outpace inflation by a cumulative 12% over three years, labor-intensive restaurant and retail firms face mounting margin pressure as labor cost share surges from 33% (2023) to 38% (2026).
End of Low-Rates Era Pushes Corporate Bond Spreads 280bp Higher
As the Fed's 2026 rate-hike cycle clarifies, BBB and BB credit spreads widen sharply from historic lows, complicating M&A and acquisition financing.
Emerging Market Capital Outflows Amplify FX Losses for Multinational Corporations
As currency weakness accelerates in Argentina, Turkey, and India, multinational consumer goods and pharmaceutical companies operating in these markets face foreign exchange losses in 2026 results exceeding double the prior year.
DL E&C Co., Ltd. financial statements, 5 years: Revenue went from KRW 7.63tn to KRW 7.40tn and fell 3.0%
Consolidated financial statements for 2021–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that DL E&C Co., Ltd. filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
The Debt Trap of Declining Birth Rates: Credit Pressures on Mortgage-Backed Securities in Depopulating Nations
Declining populations in Japan, South Korea, and Southern Europe reduce housing demand and increase vacancies, driving credit deterioration in the residential mortgage-backed securities market and capital adequacy stress for banks.
Last-Mile Crisis: E-commerce Saturation Drives Up Delivery Costs and Squeezes Margins
As growth slows in U.S. and European e-commerce markets, delivery costs reach 150% of net profit per transaction, pushing small and medium-sized online retailers into profitability crisis.
The Climate Finance Wall: Oil and Gas Companies Face 600 bps Surge in Capital Costs as Project Returns Collapse
ESG fund divestment from energy and commercial bank pullback from oil lending are driving oil companies' funding costs to 5-year highs, substantially reducing project economics.
Hidden Beneficiary of China's Economic Slowdown: Global Shipping Supply Control
As China's export slowdown deepens shipping oversupply, some carriers lead a rate rebound through route closure and cutbacks. Tracking supply cycles and dominant players' strategies.
Who Hit Me?
An autonomous vehicle insurance claimant experiences the irony of being unable to identify the culprit in a traffic accident in an age of advanced technology.
Smartphone Chipset Oversupply's Second-Order Effect: Foundry Profitability Crisis
As chipset prices fall more than 20% annually amid weak demand, both designers and foundries face margin pressure. Cost structure and recovery scenarios analyzed.
Hyundai Corporation financial statements, 6 years: Revenue grew at an average 21.26% a year
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that Hyundai Corporation filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
EU's Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism Reshapes Global Steel and Cement Supply Chains
The EU's Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism takes effect fully in 2027 after a transition year. This article tracks the weakening export pricing power of Asian and African steel and cement producers and intensifying competition to secure local supply chains.
The Secret of the Green Box
A melodrama of an eco-friendly packaging innovator who discovers and confronts the hidden environmental destruction her invention actually causes.
The Luxury Brand Dilemma: Defending Margins versus Capturing Market Share
As high-income consumer spending slows, luxury brands face a critical decision between price increases and discounting. This article compares historical precedent with current risks.
The Office Worker Trapped in Subscription Hell
The Office Worker Trapped in Subscription Hell
Emerging Markets' Currency Risk Overflow: 15% of USD 40 Trillion in Dollar Debt Matures Within 24 Months
Emerging market companies' dollar borrowing has become a repayment burden amid currency depreciation. This article maps financial scale and sectoral exposure.
Nuclear Energy Revival: AI Data Center Power Demand Replaces Carbon Credits
As global AI investment expands, tech giants seek carbon-neutral energy sources, driving capital into nuclear fuel and uranium stocks. Examining regulatory changes and cost efficiency.
Japanese Yen Weakness (160+ per Dollar) Pushes Export Profit Margins for Manufacturers to Five-Year Highs
With Bank of Japan rate increase on hold and Fed rate cuts stalling, sustained yen weakness would boost earnings conversion from local currency for Toyota, Honda, Sony and other export-heavy companies. Analyzing benefits and risks.
Promise Across the Screen
Two anonymous mentors on an online learning platform guide the same student until they accidentally reveal their identities, beginning a romance.
Things Brought Back to Life
A scientist's tracking story centered on a massive organism escape incident at an extinct species restoration company.
KG Eco Solution Co., Ltd. financial statements, 6 years: Revenue rose 5 years in a row while operating income fell 3 years in a row
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that KG Eco Solution Co., Ltd. filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
India's Foreign Investment Regulations and Opportunities for Local E-Commerce Firms: Amazon and Flipkart's Capital Reallocation Strategy
India's tightened FDI caps (30% for marketplaces) are redirecting Amazon and Walmart-Flipkart's capital allocation toward localization and logistics infrastructure, while reshaping the competitive landscape for emerging local players.
NVIDIA Supply Constraints and AI Accelerator Competition: How AMD and Intel Expand GPU Market Share
NVIDIA's delays in H100 and H200 deliveries accelerate alternative accelerator orders from major cloud companies like Meta, Microsoft, and Google. This article analyzes the shift in AI accelerator market structure over the next three years.
Hybrid Work Proliferation and Soaring Commercial Real Estate Vacancy Rates
As companies entrench hybrid work policies, office vacancy rates in major cities are reaching record highs, intensifying dividend pressure on real estate REITs.
The Dry Spring Exchange
In a water shortage crisis, a blockchain water resource trading platform pushes a community to extreme polarization in this thriller.
EV Battery Supply Tightness and Price Volatility of Cobalt and Lithium
As global EV transition accelerates, battery raw material demand surges, intensifying supply constraints and price volatility of critical minerals.
Solar Panel Production Overcapacity and Chinese Manufacturing Price Dumping: Global Green Energy Investment Deterioration
As Chinese solar panel production capacity increases and global prices collapse, the profitability of emerging market government investment projects deteriorates, delaying green energy expansion
SK Gas Ltd financial statements, 6 years: Revenue went from KRW 4.41tn to KRW 7.68tn and became 1.74x
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that SK Gas Ltd filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
The Rebound in Shipping Costs and the Reassessment of Reshoring Economics: A New Map as Global Manufacturing Distance Shortens
As post-pandemic shipping rates surge again, how are companies reconsidering reshoring and nearshoring decisions, and how is this restructuring manufacturing locations and supply chains by region?
Accelerated 5G Rollout in Emerging Markets and Telecom Equipment Makers' Opportunity
As 5G network buildout investments accelerate across Southeast Asia, India, and Africa, telecom equipment and optical communications component suppliers are poised for sales growth.
Hyosung TNC Corporation financial statements, 6 years: Operating income rose 434% in one year and grew to 2x in another
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that Hyosung TNC Corporation filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
Double Squeeze: Airline Demand Recovery and Fuel Cost Pressure
As post-pandemic international travel demand recovers, airline earnings improvement remains unstable as oil volatility dictates fuel costs.
Pharmaceutical Raw Materials Geopolitics: How India's Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient Monopoly Threatens Global Pharma Supply Chains
Over 50% of global pharmaceuticals depend on Indian-sourced APIs. Amid India-China tensions, tightening regulations, and environmental issues, this story explores how Indra's control over active pharmaceutical ingredients threatens global drug prices and supply security.
Semiconductor Self-Sufficiency Competition: U.S., China, and Korea Accelerate Localized Manufacturing Investment
The U.S. CHIPS Act, China's self-reliance strategy, and Korea's leading-edge process investment are reshaping global semiconductor manufacturing hubs.
Cloud Datacenter Power Consumption and Electricity Rate Hikes: Energy Costs Eroding Margins
As AI model training and inference demand surge power consumption, rising electricity rates in data center-dense regions are squeezing cloud providers' profits
India's Apparel Export Price War: Wage Pressure amid Cost Rivalry with Bangladesh and Pakistan
As India expands its share of apparel exports, deteriorating wages and labor conditions at production facilities intensify social conflict and reach the limits of cost reduction.
AI Training Data Monopoly and Copyright Dispute: Distribution Pressure on Content Companies
How copyright lawsuits over unauthorized AI training on news, images, and video could redefine the cost structure of training data
Daewoo Engineering & Construction Co., Ltd. financial statements, 6 years: Turned to a loss in 2025: a net loss of KRW 916.1bn
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that Daewoo Engineering & Construction Co., Ltd. filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
Advanced Nations' Tightening of AI Chip Export Controls and Developing Nations' Race to Build Alternative Chips
As U.S., Japanese, and Dutch restrictions on high-performance AI chip exports accelerate domestic chip development investments in countries like China and India, how design and manufacturing supply chains are diversifying
Solar Panel Oversupply: How China's Production Expansion Drove Global Prices Down 40%
China's expansion of solar panel manufacturing capacity has deepened global supply glut, straining renewable energy profitability and project returns.
India's Manufacturing Growth and Wage Rise: Signal of Shifting Low-Cost Producer Status
India's manufacturing expansion and skilled labor shortage narrow wage gaps with China, reaching a critical threshold for global supply chain reconfiguration
Cloud AI Price War: Infrastructure Overcapacity Pressures AI-as-a-Service Margins
Major cloud providers' AI datacenter expansion completion triggers overcapacity, driving service price declines and profitability deterioration cycles
Semiconductor Packaging Capacity Shortage: Why Chip Assembly Matters More Than Manufacturing
As AI chip production scales, packaging and testing capacity—separate from wafer manufacturing—has become the actual gate controlling final chip supply
EV Battery Material Shortage: Nickel and Cobalt Mining and Refining Bottlenecks Constrain EV Price Competition
How surging global EV demand strains battery material supply and mining-refining infrastructure limits, driving up battery prices and production disruptions
Kakao Corp. financial statements, 6 years: Operating income of KRW 483.0bn but a net loss of KRW 1.82tn in 2023
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that Kakao Corp. filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
Industrial Robot Payback Inversion: Rising Wages and Shortened Automation ROI Timelines Accelerate Adoption in Small Manufacturers
As wage growth and falling robot costs converge, small manufacturing firms see faster automation payback periods and accelerated adoption of industrial robots.
Hyundai Wia financial statements, 6 years: Revenue rose 2 years in a row while operating income fell 2 years in a row
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that Hyundai Wia filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
Itcenglobal Co., Ltd. financial statements, 6 years: Operating income of KRW 30.5bn but a net loss of KRW 6.2bn in 2023
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that Itcenglobal Co., Ltd. filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
Samsung E&A Co., Ltd. financial statements, 6 years: Revenue went from KRW 6.75tn to KRW 9.03tn and became 1.34x
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that Samsung E&A Co., Ltd. filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
BGF retail Co., Ltd. financial statements, 6 years: Revenue went from KRW 6.18tn to KRW 9.06tn and became 1.47x
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that BGF retail Co., Ltd. filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
KG Chemical Corporation financial statements, 6 years: Revenue grew at an average 19.81% a year
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that KG Chemical Corporation filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
HL Mando Co., Ltd. financial statements, 6 years: Revenue went from KRW 5.56tn to KRW 9.45tn and became 1.70x
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that HL Mando Co., Ltd. filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
SK Discovery Co., Ltd. financial statements, 6 years: Operating income rose 387% in one year and grew to 2x in another
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that SK Discovery Co., Ltd. filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
E1 Corporation financial statements, 6 years: The debt ratio rose from 200.1% to 510.0%
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that E1 Corporation filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
Samsung Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. financial statements, 6 years: Back to a profit in 2024 after a net loss of KRW 155.6bn in 2023
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that Samsung Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
HMM Co., Ltd. financial statements, 6 years: The debt ratio fell from 455.1% to 26.3%
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that HMM Co., Ltd. filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
GS Retail Co., Ltd. financial statements, 6 years: ROE ranged between 18.1% and 0.3%
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that GS Retail Co., Ltd. filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
NAVER Corporation financial statements, 6 years: Revenue grew at an average 17.81% a year
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that NAVER Corporation filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
CJ Logistics Corporation financial statements, 6 years: Revenue went from KRW 10.78tn to KRW 12.28tn and became 1.14x
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that CJ Logistics Corporation filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
GS Engineering & Construction Corp financial statements, 6 years: Back to a profit in 2024 after a net loss of KRW 419.5bn in 2023
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that GS Engineering & Construction Corp filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
Hanwha Ocean Co., Ltd. financial statements, 6 years: Back to a profit in 2023 after a net loss of KRW 1.74tn in 2022
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that Hanwha Ocean Co., Ltd. filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
Harim Holdings Co., Ltd. financial statements, 6 years: ROE ranged between 13.6% and 2.9%
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that Harim Holdings Co., Ltd. filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
Hanwha Solutions Corporation financial statements, 6 years: Turned to a loss in 2023: a net loss of KRW 88.2bn
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that Hanwha Solutions Corporation filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
Lotte Shopping Co., Ltd. financial statements, 6 years: Operating income of KRW 473.1bn but a net loss of KRW 994.1bn in 2024
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that Lotte Shopping Co., Ltd. filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
Samsung SDS Co., Ltd. financial statements, 6 years: Revenue went from KRW 11.02tn to KRW 13.93tn and became 1.26x
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that Samsung SDS Co., Ltd. filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
LG Uplus Corp financial statements, 6 years: Revenue went from KRW 13.42tn to KRW 15.45tn and became 1.15x
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that LG Uplus Corp filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
Lotte Corporation financial statements, 6 years: Operating income of KRW 340.5bn but a net loss of KRW 946.1bn in 2024
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that Lotte Corporation filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
LX International Corp. financial statements, 6 years: ROE ranged between 25.7% and 4.5%
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that LX International Corp. filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
Doosan Enerbility Co., Ltd. financial statements, 6 years: Back to a profit in 2023 after a net loss of KRW 453.1bn in 2022
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that Doosan Enerbility Co., Ltd. filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
SK Telecom Co., Ltd. financial statements, 6 years: ROE ranged between 19.6% and 2.9%
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that SK Telecom Co., Ltd. filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
Daou Technology Inc financial statements, 6 years: Revenue grew at an average 29.88% a year
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that Daou Technology Inc filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
Daou Data Corp. financial statements, 6 years: Revenue grew at an average 28.79% a year
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that Daou Data Corp. filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
Lotte Chemical Corporation financial statements, 6 years: Turned to a loss in 2023: a net loss of KRW 39.2bn
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that Lotte Chemical Corporation filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
Hankook Tire & Technology Co., Ltd. financial statements, 6 years: Revenue grew at an average 26.86% a year
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that Hankook Tire & Technology Co., Ltd. filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
LG Innotek Co., Ltd. financial statements, 6 years: Revenue rose 5 years in a row while operating income fell 3 years in a row
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that LG Innotek Co., Ltd. filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
Hyundai Steel Company financial statements, 6 years: Back to a profit in 2021 after a net loss of KRW 440.1bn in 2020
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that Hyundai Steel Company filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
LG Energy Solution, Ltd. financial statements, 6 years: Back to a profit in 2021 after a net loss of KRW 451.8bn in 2020
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that LG Energy Solution, Ltd. filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
GS Holdings financial statements, 6 years: Back to a profit in 2021 after a net loss of KRW 187.8bn in 2020
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that GS Holdings filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
Korean Air Lines Co., Ltd. financial statements, 6 years: Back to a profit in 2021 after a net loss of KRW 230.0bn in 2020
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that Korean Air Lines Co., Ltd. filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
LG Display Co., Ltd. financial statements, 6 years: Back to a profit in 2025 after a net loss of KRW 2.41tn in 2024
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that LG Display Co., Ltd. filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
Hanwha Aerospace Co., Ltd. financial statements, 6 years: Operating income rose 191% in one year and grew to 2x in another
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that Hanwha Aerospace Co., Ltd. filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
CJ Cheiljedang Corp. financial statements, 6 years: Operating income of KRW 1.23tn but a net loss of KRW 417.0bn in 2025
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that CJ Cheiljedang Corp. filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
KT Corporation financial statements, 6 years: Revenue went from KRW 23.92tn to KRW 28.24tn and became 1.18x
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that KT Corporation filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
E-Mart Inc. financial statements, 6 years: Back to a profit in 2025 after a net loss of KRW 573.4bn in 2024
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that E-Mart Inc. filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
Hyundai Glovis Co., Ltd. financial statements, 6 years: Revenue went from KRW 16.52tn to KRW 29.57tn and became 1.79x
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that Hyundai Glovis Co., Ltd. filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
HD Korea Shipbuilding & Offshore Engineering Co., Ltd. financial statements, 6 years: Back to a profit in 2023 after a net loss of KRW 295.2bn in 2022
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that HD Korea Shipbuilding & Offshore Engineering Co., Ltd. filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
Hyundai Engineering & Construction Co., Ltd. financial statements, 6 years: Back to a profit in 2025 after a net loss of KRW 766.2bn in 2024
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that Hyundai Engineering & Construction Co., Ltd. filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
LS Corp. financial statements, 6 years: Revenue grew at an average 25.41% a year
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that LS Corp. filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
S-Oil Corporation financial statements, 6 years: Back to a profit in 2025 after a net loss of KRW 193.0bn in 2024
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that S-Oil Corporation filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
Korea Gas Corporation financial statements, 6 years: Operating income of KRW 1.55tn but a net loss of KRW 747.4bn in 2023
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that Korea Gas Corporation filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
Samsung C&T Corporation financial statements, 6 years: Revenue went from KRW 30.22tn to KRW 40.74tn and became 1.35x
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that Samsung C&T Corporation filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
LG Chem Ltd financial statements, 6 years: Operating income of KRW 1.18tn but a net loss of KRW 977.1bn in 2025
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that LG Chem Ltd filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
Hyundai Mobis Co., Ltd. financial statements, 6 years: Revenue went from KRW 36.63tn to KRW 61.12tn and became 1.67x
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that Hyundai Mobis Co., Ltd. filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
POSCO Holdings Inc. financial statements, 6 years: ROE ranged between 13.1% and 0.8%
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that POSCO Holdings Inc. filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.
HD Hyundai Co., Ltd. financial statements, 6 years: Back to a profit in 2021 after a net loss of KRW 789.7bn in 2020
Consolidated financial statements for 2020–2025 and the 2026 half-year report that HD Hyundai Co., Ltd. filed with DART, laid out by year. No interpretation or outlook.